Biodegradable Composite of Gelatin Blend Microcrystalline Cellulose for Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cr3+ Adsorption from an Aqueous Solution

Biodegradable and eco-friendly composite adsorbent was synthesized from modified jute fiber gelatin evaluated its efficacy in removing cadmium (Cd2+), lead (Pb2+), chromium (Cr3+) ions an aqueous solution. The prepared sample characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analyses, which revealed that successfully intercalated into the microcrystalline cellulose matrix. In batch adsorption studies, effects of pH, dosage, initial metal concentration, temperature on removal heavy were investigated. capacity varied with changing parameters, maximum efficiency obtained for Cd2+, Pb2+, Cr3+ 95%, 88%, 70%, respectively, at pH 6 60 ppm each concentration dosage 1.0 g L−1. Different functional groups facilitated adsorption. Five error analysis methods used to evaluate fit goodness data. equilibrium kinetic data well-fitted Langmuir isotherm model pseudo-second-order, respectively. Moreover, thermodynamic study showed spontaneous, chemisorption, endothermic. Our work offers a sustainable biodegradable multimetal aqueous, is alternative conventional nonbiodegradable adsorbents potential environmental risks.